{"id":2784,"date":"2017-04-27T08:23:20","date_gmt":"2017-04-26T16:23:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fbjia.com\/?p=2784"},"modified":"2019-10-12T02:39:24","modified_gmt":"2019-10-11T18:39:24","slug":"%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8a%e5%ad%a4%e7%8b%ac%e7%97%87%e5%a9%b4%e5%b9%bc%e5%84%bf%e6%97%a9%e6%9c%9f%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e4%b8%b9%e4%bd%9b%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%9a%e4%bf%83-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fbjia.com\/index.php\/archives\/2784.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a\u300a\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u65e9\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e39\u4f5b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u6587\u6e90\u5f15\u81ea\u201c\u6885\u77e5\u201d\u8001\u5e08\u65b0\u6d6a\u535a\u5ba2\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u300a\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u65e9\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e39\u4f5b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u300b<\/p>\n

Early Start Denver Model for Young Children with Autism:Promoting Language,Learning,and Engagement.<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u00a0\u65e9\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e39\u4f5b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08ESDM\uff092\u2014\u2014ESDM\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

ESDM\u6559\u5b66\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08ESDM Teaching Procedures\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6765\u81eaABA\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6280\u672f<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5438\u5f15\u6ce8\u610f\u529b<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u505a\u51fa\u671f\u671b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6e10\u9690\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5851\u9020\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u94fe\u9501\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

7\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u00a0\u00a0 \u6765\u81ea\u5173\u952e\u53cd\u5e94\u8bad\u7ec3\uff08PRT\uff09\u7684\u6280\u672f<\/p>\n

\u5728ESDM\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684PRT\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u00a0 \u5f3a\u5316\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u52aa\u529b<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u00a0 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff09\uff0c\u4ea4\u66ff\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u00a0 \u5f3a\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u8005\u884c\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u00a0 \u5728\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6e\u6d41<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u00a0 \u660e\u786e\u5730\u7ed9\u51fa\u6559\u5b66\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u523a\u6fc0<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u00a0 \u7ed9\u5b69\u5b50\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u8ddf\u968f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u00a0\u00a0 \u5728\u4e39\u4f5b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u00a0 \u6210\u4eba\u8c03\u63a7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u5524\u9192\u5ea6\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u00a0 \u6210\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u60c5\u611f<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u00a0 \u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u00a0 \u6210\u4eba\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u800c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u00a0 \u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u673a\u4f1a<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u00a0 \u7cbe\u5fc3\u51c6\u5907\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

7\u3001\u00a0 \u6210\u4eba\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u548c\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u548c\u975e\u8a00\u8bed\u6c9f\u901a\u610f\u56fe\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n

8\u3001\u00a0 \u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6765\u6e90<\/td>\n\u5b66\u79d1\u6216\u7406\u8bba\u6982\u8ff0<\/td>\n\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u539f\u7406\uff09<\/td>\n\u5907\u6ce8<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6765\u81eaABA<\/p>\n

\u7684<\/p>\n

\u6559\u5b66\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

\uff08Teaching Strategies from ABA\uff09<\/td>\n

1\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u9996\u5148\u5f15\u7528Lovaas<\/u>\uff082002\uff09[1]<\/sup>\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u6839\u636eABA\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u6210\u5206\uff08\u5927\u5bb6\u5e94\u5f88\u719f\u6089\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u523a\u6fc0\uff1a\u513f\u7ae5\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u523a\u6fc0\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6b64\u523a\u6fc0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u505a\u51fa\u67d0\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc5\u987b\u4f53\u9a8c\u67d0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u8005\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8868\u73b0\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u6cdb\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u9002\u5f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\u6216\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5386\u53f2<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u3001\u534e\u751f\uff08\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\uff0cclassical conditioning\uff09\u3001\u6851\u4ee3\u514b\uff08\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\uff0cinstrumental\u00a0conditioning)\u3001\u65af\u91d1\u7eb3\uff08\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\uff0coperant conditioning\uff09\uff0c\u53c2\u9605Anderson,2000<\/u>[2]<\/sup>\uff0c\u9605\u8bfb\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u56de\u987e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6765\u81ea\u4f20\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662fABA\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u5e2e\u52a9\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u513f\u7ae5\u548c\u6210\u4eba\u6700\u65e9\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5148\u524d\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53c2\u9605\uff1aGardner<\/u>\uff0c2006[3]<\/sup>\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u51fa\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5e94\u4e3a\uff1a1959\u5e74Ayllon\u548cMichael\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u7684\u62a4\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u62c5\u4efb\u884c\u4e3a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u300b\uff08The Psychiatric Nurse as A Behavior Engineer\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cFuller\uff081949\uff09\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u88ab\u8bd5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u63a2\u8ba8\u591a\u91cd\u969c\u788d\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u4e3e\u624b\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002[12]<\/sup><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u8868\u57281964\u5e74\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u6559\u5b66\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1Baer & Sherman,1964<\/u>[4]<\/sup><\/u>\uff1b\u4ece\u6b64\u65f6\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u5e72\u9884\u4e2d\u56de\u5408\u5f0f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6559\u5b66\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08Discrete trial teaching procedures\uff09\uff0c[\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5bc6\u96c6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u201d\uff08Massed Trials\uff09\u6216\u8005\u201c\u6d1b\u74e6\u65af\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\uff08Lovaas approach\uff09\u3002]\u5f00\u59cb\u6d41\u884c\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\uff1aLovaas<\/u>\uff0c2002[1]<\/sup><\/u>\u3001Lovaas\uff0cBerberich\uff0cPerloff\uff0c& Schaeffer\uff0c1966[5]<\/sup><\/u>\uff1bLovaas\uff0cFreitag\uff0cGold\uff0c& Kassoria\uff0c1965[6]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e66\u4e2d\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa<\/b><\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u60a3\u6709\u201c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u60a3\u6709\u201c\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53e6\u53ef\u53c2\u9605\u62d9\u4f5c[7]<\/sup><\/u>[8][9][10]<\/sup>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u6613\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5728ABA\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u53f3\u201c\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u539f\u7406\uff09\u201d\u680f\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u8457\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

Cooper<\/u>\uff0cHeron and Heward\uff0c2006[11]<\/sup>\uff1bO\u2019Neill et al.1997<\/u>[12]<\/sup>\uff1bO\u2019Neill<\/u>\uff0cHorner\uff0cAlbin\uff0cStorey\uff0cand Sprague\uff0c1990[13]<\/sup>\uff1bPierce and Cheney<\/u>\uff0c2008[14]<\/sup><\/u>\u3002<\/p>\n

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1\u3001\u5438\u5f15\u6ce8\u610f\u529b<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u505a\u51fa\u671f\u671b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6e10\u9690\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5851\u9020\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u94fe\u9501\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

7\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790<\/td>\n

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\u672c\u6765\u4e66\u4e2d\u6bcf\u6761\u540e\u9762\u90fd\u4e00\u6bb5\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u7edd\u5bf9\u201c\u7b80\u77ed\u201d\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u201c\u6982\u51b5\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605ABA\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

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 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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\u6765\u81eaPRT<\/p>\n

\u7684<\/p>\n

\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

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\uff08Strategies from PRT\uff09<\/td>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709PRT\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u4e0d\u6015\u9ebb\u70e6\u554a\uff01<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u6307\u51faPRT\u57fa\u4e8eABA\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff1b\u9996\u5148\u7531Robert\u548cLynn Koegel\uff08Koegel & Williams<\/u>\uff0c1980[15]<\/sup>\uff1bKoegel & O\u2019Dill<\/u>\uff0c& Koegel,1987[16]<\/sup>\uff1bKoegel & Koegel<\/u>\uff0c1988[17]<\/sup>\uff09\u548cLaura Schreibman\uff08Ingersoll & Schreibman<\/u>\uff0c2006[18]<\/sup>\uff1bSchreibman & Koegel<\/u>\uff0c2005[19]<\/sup>\uff09\u53d1\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6210\u4eba\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u3001\u5bc6\u96c6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u63d0\u4f9b\u884c\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u548c\u6cdb\u5316\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u2014\u2014<\/b><\/strong>\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c82\u975e\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u4e92\u52a8\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u52a0\u4e0a\u6210\u4eba\u9002\u5f53\u4e3b\u52a8\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u7b26\u5408\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u7ec3\u4e60\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u5c06\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u663e\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u53ca\u540c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c06\u51e0\u79cd\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u878d\u5165\u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u3001\u6e10\u9690\u3001\u5851\u9020\u548c\u94fe\u9501\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u4e2d\u3002\u89c1\u4e0a\u6587\u3002\u53e6\u53ef\u53c2\u9605\uff1aSchreibman & Koegel<\/u>\uff0c2005[20]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5f3a\u5316\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u52aa\u529b<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u5df2\u638c\u63e1\u6280\u80fd\u4ea4\u66ff\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5f3a\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u8005\u884c\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5728\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6e\u6d41<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u660e\u786e\u5730\u7ed9\u51fa\u6559\u5b66\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u523a\u6fc0<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u7ed9\u5b69\u5b50\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u8ddf\u968f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u539f\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u90fd\u6613\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u4f8b\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

PRT\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5728\u6539\u5584\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5173\u952e\u7684\uff1a\u52a8\u673a\u548c\u5bf9\u591a\u79cd\u7ebf\u7d22\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\uff1aKoegel<\/u>\uff0cKoegel & Harrower\uff0c& Carter\uff0c1999a[21]<\/sup>\uff1bKoegel\uff0cKoegel\uff0cShoshan\uff0c\u00a0& McNerney\uff0c1999b[22]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u6539\u53d8\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\uff1aKoegel & Frea<\/u>\uff0c1993[23]<\/sup>\uff1bKoegel et al., 1999b[22]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u4e0e\u56de\u5408\u5f0f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6559\u5b66\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0cPRT\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u513f\u7ae5\u66f4\u6709\u52a8\u673a\u53bb\u8868\u73b0\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6cdb\u5316\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u53d1\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u51cf\u5c11\u6709\u884c\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u89c1\uff1aIngersoll & Schreibman<\/u>\uff0c2006[18]<\/sup>\uff1bLosardo & Bricker<\/u>\uff0c1994[25]<\/sup>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PRT\u589e\u52a0\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u6210\u5206\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u513f\u7ae5\u9009\u62e9\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u8f6e\u6d41<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u5f3a\u5316\u52aa\u529b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u4ea4\u66ff\u7ef4\u6301\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PRT\u57f9\u517b\u513f\u7ae5\u5bf9\u591a\u79cd\u7ebf\u7d22\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\uff1a<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u591a\u79cd\u524d\u4e8b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7ebf\u7d22<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u6559\u513f\u7ae5\u5bf9\u591a\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u524d\u4e8b\u505a\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PRT\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u5730\u7528\u4e8e\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u884c\u4e3a\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u8bed\u8a00\u6280\u80fd\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u6e38\u620f\u6280\u80fd<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u6a21\u4eff<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u80a2\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u89c1\uff1aKoegel & Koegel<\/u>\uff0c1995[21]<\/sup>\uff1bSchreibman & Koegel\uff0c2005[19]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PRT\u00a0\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u88ab\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u67d0\u79cd\u5f3a\u5316\u7269\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e39\u4f5b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n

\uff08Teaching Practices developed in the Denver Model<\/td>\n

\u6765\u81ea\u4e39\u4f5b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\uff1a<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u4e3a\u513f\u7ae5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u65b9\u9762\uff1b<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u5f3a\u8c03\u6e38\u620f\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55<\/p>\n

l\u00a0\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528\u6765\u81ea\u6c9f\u901a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u5e72\u9884\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/td>\n

1\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6210\u4eba\u8c03\u63a7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u5524\u9192\u5ea6\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6210\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u60c5\u611f<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6210\u4eba\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u800c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u673a\u4f1a<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u7cbe\u5fc3\u51c6\u5907\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

7\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u548c\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u548c\u975e\u8a00\u8bed\u6c9f\u901a\u610f\u56fe\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n

8\u3001\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6c\u6362<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u6761\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u539f\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/p>\n

<\/h1>\n
[1]<\/sup> <\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a>Lovaas\uff082002\uff09.Teaching Individuals with Developmental Delays\uff1aBasic Intervention Teachniques. Autism,\n\n\u00a0\n\nTX:Pro-ED.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u53d1\u80b2\u8fdf\u7f13\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u6559\u5b66\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u5e72\u9884\u6280\u672f\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u524d\u8eab\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u201cTeaching Developmentally Disabled Children: The Me Book\u201d\u3002\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u770b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u6458\u8981\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u5728\uff1ahttp:\/\/blog.sina.com.cn\/s\/blog_4e0e69080101cbxk.html<\/a>\u3002Lovvas\u51fa\u7248\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf75\u5c81\u9ad8\u9f84\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u8001\u5148\u751f\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1ahttp:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ole_Ivar_Lovaas<\/a>\u3002<\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
[2]<\/sup> <\/a><\/a>Anderson,2000. Learning and memory: An integrated approach(2nd<\/sup> ed.),New York: Wiley.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
[3]<\/sup> Gardner\uff0c2006. Assessment and learning. London:Sage.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
[4]<\/sup> <\/a><\/a>Baer\u00a0D M &\u00a0Sherman\u00a0J A.(1964). Reinforcement control of generalized imitation in young children.\u00a0Journal of Experimental Child Psychology<\/a> , vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 37-49, 1964\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5e74\u5e7c\u513f\u7ae5\u5e7f\u4e49\u6a21\u4eff\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u63a7\u5236\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u513f\u7ae5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[5]<\/sup> Lovaas<\/em>, O.I.,\u00a0Berberich<\/em>, J.,\u00a0Perloff<\/em>, B., &\u00a0Schaeffer<\/em>, B. Acquisition of imitative speech by schizophrenic children. Science ,\u00a01966<\/em>, 151, 705-707. \u300a\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u6a21\u4eff\u8a00\u8bed\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[6]<\/sup> Lovaas<\/em>, O.I.,\u00a0Freitag<\/em>, G.,\u00a0Gold<\/em>, V.J., &\u00a0Kassoria<\/em>, I.C. (1965<\/em>). Experimental studies in childhood schizophrenia: Analysis of self-destructive behavior. Journal of Experimental studies in child Psychology, 2,67-84.\u300a\u513f\u7ae5\u671f\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u81ea\u6bc1\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[7]\u00a0<\/sup> ABA<\/em>\u00a0Tree<\/em>\uff08\u4ece\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\uff09<\/em> –<\/em>\u00a0http:\/\/t.cn\/zHkACaU<\/a><\/p>\n
[8]\u00a0<\/sup> ABA<\/em>\u00a0& ASD<\/em>\uff08\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\uff09<\/em>\u2014\u2014<\/em>\u56de\u987e<\/em>\u201c<\/em>\u5c18\u5c01<\/em>\u201d<\/em>\u7684\u5386\u53f2<\/em>–<\/em>http:\/\/t.cn\/zQwZxSv<\/a><\/p>\n
[9] \u00a0<\/sup>\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u7684<\/em>\u201c<\/em>\u5e74\u8f6e<\/em>\u201d<\/em>\uff1a\u4ece<\/em>1913<\/em>\u81f3<\/em>2005<\/em>\uff08\u4ece\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u81f3\u5e94\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\uff09<\/em>–<\/em>\u00a0http:\/\/t.cn\/zQvthEP<\/a><\/p>\n
[10]<\/sup> \u56fe\u8bf4<\/em>ABA\u2014\u2014ABA<\/em>\u7684<\/em>ABC<\/em>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5728\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/em> –<\/em>\u00a0http:\/\/t.cn\/zlsvRwy<\/a><\/p>\n
[11<\/sup> Cooper,J.O., Hero, T.E., & Heward, W.L. (2006).Applied Behavior Analysis (2nd Ed.)\u00a0.Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pretice-hall.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5e94\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u7248\u6b64\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>[12]<\/sup> O’Neill, R., Horner, R., Albin, R., Sprague, J., Storey, K., & Newton, J. (1997).\u00a0Functional Assessment and Programme Development for Problem Behaviour: A Practical Handbook<\/em>. Pacific Grove, CA. Brooks\/Cole Publishing Company.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u95ee\u9898\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u65b9\u6848\u5236\u5b9a\uff1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u624b\u518c\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n
[13]<\/sup> O\u2019Neill, R.E., Horner, R.H., Albin, R.W., Storey, K., & Sprague, J.R. (1990).\u00a0Functional analysis of problem behavior: A practical assessment guide.<\/i>\u00a0Sycamore, IL: Sycamore Publishing.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u95ee\u9898\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u5bfc\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
[14]<\/sup> <\/a><\/a>Pierce,W.D., & Cheney, C.D. (2008).Behavior Analysis and Learning\uff084ed.\uff09.New York: Psychological\n\n\u00a0\n\nPress.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u300b\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002<\/pre>\n
<\/a>[15]<\/sup> Koegel<\/em>, R. L., &\u00a0Williams<\/em>, J. A. (1980<\/em>). Direct versus indirect response-reinforcer relationships in teaching autistic children. Journal of Abnormal Child\u00a0Psychology,8(\u2163), 537-547.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u95f4\u63a5\u53cd\u5e94-\u5f3a\u5316\u7269\u5173\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u5f02\u5e38\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[16]<\/sup> Koegel,R.L., & O\u2019Dell, M., & Koegel,L.K.(1987). A natural language teaching paradigm for nonverbal autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 18(4), 525-538.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u65e0\u53e3\u8bed\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u6559\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u4e0e\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[17]\u00a0<\/sup> Koegel\uff0cR & Koegel\uff0cL.K.(1988).Generalized responsivity and pivotal behavior. In R.H.Horner, G.Dunlap, & R.L.Koegel(Eds.),Generalization and maintenance: Lifestyle changes in applied\u3000settings( pp.44-46).\u3000Baltimore:\u3000Brooks.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u300b\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u300a\u6cdb\u5316\u4e0e\u7ef4\u6301\uff1a\u5728\u5b9e\u7528\u573a\u6240\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u98ce\u683c\u6539\u53d8\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n
[18]<\/sup> Ingersoll B,\u00a0& Schreibman L.\u00a0(2006).\u00a0\u00a0Teaching Reciprocal Imitation Skills to Young Children with Autism Using a Naturalistic Behavioral Approach: Effects on Language, Pretend Play, and Joint Attention.\u00a0Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 36(4):487-505.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6559\u5e74\u5e7c\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u76f8\u4e92\u6a21\u4eff\u6280\u80fd\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5047\u88c5\u6e38\u620f\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u4e0e\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[19]<\/sup> Schreibman, L., & Koegel, R. L. (2005). Training for parents of children with autism: Pivotal responses, generalization, and individualization of interventions. In E. D. Hibbs & P. S. Jensen (Eds.), Psychosocial treatment for child and adolescent disorders: Empirically based strategies for clinical practice (2nd Edition) (pp. 605-631). Washington, D. C.: American Psychological Association.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7236\u6bcd\u57f9\u8bad\uff1a\u5173\u952e\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u6cdb\u5316\u4e0e\u4e2a\u522b\u5316\u5e72\u9884\u300b\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\uff1a\u300a\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u671f\u969c\u788d\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7597\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4ee5\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6280\u672f\u300b\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>[20]<\/sup> Koegel, L.K., Koegel, R.L., Harrower, J.K., and Carter, C.M.\u00a0 (1999).\u00a0 Pivotal response intervention <\/a><\/a>I:\u00a0Overview of approach. The Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps. 24, 3, 174-186.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5173\u952e\u53cd\u5e94\u5e72\u9884I\uff1a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6982\u8ff0\u300b\uff0c<\/a><\/a>\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u4e25\u91cd\u6b8b\u969c\u4eba\u58eb\u534f\u4f1a\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[21]<\/sup> Koegel, L.K., Koegel, R.L. Shoshan, & McNerney, E. (1999). Pivotal response intervention <\/a><\/a>II: Preliminary long-term outcome data. The Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps. 24, 3, 186-198.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5173\u952e\u53cd\u5e94\u5e72\u9884II\uff1a\u957f\u671f\u6548\u679c\u8d44\u6599\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u4e25\u91cd\u6b8b\u969c\u4eba\u58eb\u534f\u4f1a\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[22]<\/sup> Koegel, R. L., & Frea, W. D. (1993). Treatment of social behavior in autism through the modification of pivotal social skills. <\/a><\/a>Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 26(3), 369-377. \u2014\u2014\u300a\u901a\u8fc7\u5173\u952e\u793e\u4f1a\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u77eb\u6b63\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u4e3a\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u5e94\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[23]<\/sup> Losardo<\/em>, A. &\u00a0Bricker<\/em>, D. (1994<\/em>). Activity-based intervention and direct instruction: A comparison study. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 98, 744-765.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u4ee5\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u76f4\u63a5\u6559\u5b66\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7cbe\u795e\u53d1\u80b2\u8fdf\u7f13\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
[24]<\/sup> Koegel, R. L., & Koegel, L. K. (1995). Teaching Children with Autism. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u6559\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8865\u5145\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n
PRT\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6587\u732e\u6c47\u603b\uff1a<\/p>\n
http:\/\/autismlab.ucsd.edu\/research\/publication-list\/prt.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n
\u6765\u81ea\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u6821\u533a\u201cThe Autism Intervention Research Program\u201d\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u8bb8\u591aSchreibman, L\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u81ea1984\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c\u898130\u5e74\u5566\uff01<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
LYNN KERN KOEGEL<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5386\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.koegelautism.com\/Vita_DrLynnKoegel.pdf<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u6211\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u6d4f\u89c8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
ROBERT L. KOEGEL, PH.D.<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5386\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.koegelautism.com\/vita_drrobertkoegel2009.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n
\u770b\u770b\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u7b80\u5386\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u201c\u7fa1\u6155\u201d\u7684\u4efd\u3002\u957f\u957f\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u7ecf\u5386\u201d\u554a\uff01<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff1a<\/p>\n
http:\/\/psychology.msu.edu\/autismlab\/publications.html<\/a><\/p>\n
\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttp:\/\/blog.sina.com.cn\/s\/blog_4e0e69080101ffgb.html<\/p>\n
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